This review paper explores the research trends in big data management for energy systems, highlighting the practices, opportunities and challenges. Also, the data regulatory demands are highlighted using chosen reference architectures. Building on existing developments and initiatives, this paper introduces a multi-layer Reference Architecture for the reliable, secure, and trusted exchange of data and facilitation of services within the energy domain. Motivation Working towards climate and carbon neutrality. With the popularizing process of the Internet of Things (IoT), available data resources will become even more plentiful and diversified in the near future. To provide feasible solutions in data science for the key features of the energy internet, such as energy interconnection and routing, a big. Energy systems generate vast amounts of data in extremely short time intervals, creating challenges for efficient data management. More advanced solutions, such as NoSQL databases and. major implications for the energy sector.
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