This technology allows us to send and receive large amounts of information across long distances at incredibly high speeds. Fiber optics works by encoding data into light signals, which travel through the fiber at around 186,000 miles per second, or the speed of light. The light is a form of carrier wave that is modulated to carry information. Unlike copper wires, which send electrical signals and suffer from resistance and interference, fibre optics offer orders of magnitude more bandwidth and. Fiber optic communication has fundamentally reshaped modern data transmission, enabling the transfer of vast data volumes over extended distances with unparalleled speed and reliability. Another glass layer called cladding surrounds the glass fiber.