At the heart of Acacia's 200G per lane client optics portfolio, leveraging Acacia's proven DSP expertise, is the 3nm 1. 6T Kibo PAM4 Digital Signal Processor (DSP) Application-Specific Integrated Circuits (ASICs) designed to power the optical interconnects inside the world's cloud and AI data. Credo's high‑performance, energy‑efficient PAM4 optical DSPs are designed for the demands of hyperscale data centers and AI compute fabrics. They deliver reliable, ultra‑low‑latency performance and strong network resiliency, while Credo's low‑power SerDes architecture provides industry‑leading. The Marvell® PAM4 optical DSP portfolio, including Spica™ and Nova™ DSPs, addresses the critical the need for high-bandwidth optical interconnects to power AI infrastructure. Marvell leads the pluggable module ecosystem with low-power, high-performance silicon for AI, cloud, enterprise and 5G. PAM4 is a branch of the pulse amplitude modulation (PAM) technology, which is a mainstream signal transmission technology following non-return-to-zero (NRZ). Playing a key role in multi-order modulation, PAM is widely used in high-speed signal interconnection. Figure 1-1 shows the typical waveform. MaxLinear's highly integrated PAM4 DSPs offer superior link-margin performance and low power to enable 100G, 400G, 800G, and 1. 6T optical interconnects inside the data center. In this example, we use INTERCONNECT solutions to study the 4-Pulse Amplitude Modulation (PAM) format.
