This paper presents the basic operating principles of several widely used fiber optic sensor types (e., based on the Fabry-Perot interferometer, Bragg diffraction, reflectometry, etc. Fiber optic monitoring is particularly valuable for long-term projects or extended studies involving the movement or deformation of objects, structures, or other components. This type of monitoring is based on the. Distributed Fiber Optics Sensing (DFOS) is a mature technology, with known, tested, verified, and even certified performance of various interrogators and measurement methods, which include Distributed Temperature Sensing (DTS), Distributed Temperature-Strain Sensing (DTSS), and Distributed Acoustic. AP Sensing's Fiber-based Current Monitoring (FbCM) expands the functionality of our DAS technology with the option of electrical condition monitoring. Sheath currents of AC power cables are indicators for the functionality of bonding, insulation failures, link box flooding, unwanted ground contacts. The novel aspect of this technology lies in the fact that standard optical fibre becomes the sensor and tens of kilometres of fibre can be sensed at once for continuous distributed measurement of the conditions around the optical fibre such as temperature, strain, and acoustic noise. Introduction. Fiber optic technology represents a pivotal advancement in the field of communication and structural health monitoring.